Beginning in 2027, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City will implement emissions inspections for in-use motorbikes and scooters.

According to the Ministry of Agriculture and Environment, the national roadmap for applying emissions standards to motorcycles and motor scooters is intended to control and reduce air pollution from vehicle emissions.

The policy is designed to address public health concerns and environmental conditions.

Timeline of implementation

- From 1st January 2027: Emissions inspections will be introduced in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.
- From 1st January 2028: Implementation will begin in the remaining four centrally governed cities: Hai Phong, Da Nang, Can Tho, and Hue.
- From 1st January 2030: The programme will be extended to all other provinces and cities. Local authorities may enforce earlier implementation based on specific regional considerations.

Emission levels based on production year

For motorbikes:

- Manufactured before 2008: Level 1 (the lowest emissions standard).
- Manufactured from 2008 to 2016: Level 2.
- Manufactured from 2017 to 30th June 2026: Level 3.
- Manufactured from 1st July 2026 onwards: Level 4 (the highest standard currently specified).

For motor scooters:

- Manufactured before 2016: Level 1.
- Manufactured from 2017 to 30th June 2027: Level 2.
- Manufactured from 1st July 2027 onwards: Level 4.

From 1st January 2032, all motorcycles and scooters in circulation in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City must meet at least Level 2 emissions standards.

Rationale and impact

Based on evaluations of the potential impacts of the policy, the Ministry has proposed that implementation begin in 2027 in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. The objective is to address public health concerns, comply with existing legal requirements, and improve air quality.

The roadmap establishes a legal framework for phasing out vehicles that fail to meet emissions standards.

It also encourages the use of vehicles with lower environmental impact. The policy is in line with Vietnam's international commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and respond to climate change. It is also intended to support urban transport planning consistent with national strategies.

The draft decision states that emissions control measures should be aligned with environmental objectives, including air quality management and public health protection.

Implementation is expected to proceed in stages to limit disruption, especially for low-income individuals who depend on motorbikes and scooters for daily transport.